Biology Encyclopedia	Hemiptera Linnaeus, 1758 “half-wing”
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Common Names

Hemipterans include true bugs, cicadas, hoppers (planthoppers, leafhoppers, etc.) and shield bugs. 

Latin Synonyms

Linnaean Rank

Order

Ancestral Phylogeny and Taxonomy

Lineage

Terrabiota, Cytota, Neomura, Eukaryota, Unikonta, Opisthoknota, Animalia, Metazoa, Eumetazoa, Bilateria, Protostomia, Ecdysozoa, Panarthropoda, Arthropoda, Mandibulata, Pancrustacea, Hexapoda, Insecta,---

Descendant Phylogeny and Taxonomy

Explanation of phylogenetic trees

Morphology

All hemipterans have beaklike mouthparts adapted for piercing and sucking, and all are restricted to a liquid diet. 

Distribution

Ecology

  Hemipterans feed on plant sap, fungi, blood, or solid foods, which they first liquefy with digestive juices. 

Ethology

Evolution

Development

Ethnobiology

Population

There are about 82,000 species of Hemiptera known in he world and 12,000 species recognized in North America north of Mexico.

Notes and Comments

References

Literature

Evans, Arthur V.  (2008).  National Wildlife Federation field guide to insects and spiders of North America.  Sterling Publishing Co., Inc.  ISBN 1-4027-4153-7.  pp 112-113.

Information on the Internet